Neonatal Renal Vein Thrombosis (RVT)

Renal vein thrombosis must be suspected in a dehydrated or polycythemic neonate presenting with hematuria and a palpable flank mass.

Ultrasound is diagnostic, showing a large, echogenic kidney.

Doppler reveals a high-resistance flow in artery (elevated RI) with absent or reversed diastolic flow—in addition to absent venous flow.